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Wildlife and Humans: A Symphony of Coexistence:
Community-focused conservation is changing the face of Africa. Instead of relying solely on national parks to protect wildlife, local communities have taken a major role in preserving ecosystems. An inspiring initiative that has led to the creation of community-run "conservancies," where farming, hunting, and gathering coexist with wildlife. This model has brought a new lease on life to the habitats of elephants, giraffes, and buffalos, among other species.
The Growth of Conservancies:
In Kenya, for instance, conservancies have grown to the extent that they constitute up to 16% of the country, thanks to the 230 reserves established by 2023. A striking statistic also highlights the model's effectiveness: in the Maasai Mara, around 80% of wildlife resides within these community conservancies.
A Harmony of Humans and Wildlife:
Nashulai Maasai conservancy in Kenya stands out as an example. Situated on an important wildlife corridor, it initially aimed to protect the indigenous people’s land and the wildlife inhabiting it. Over the past decade, the conservancy has seen a doubling in wildlife numbers and reduced conflict between humans and animals. Offering a cautionary tale of the “fortress conservation” approach of the 20th century, which led to displacement of millions of indigenous people, the new model allows people to live and rear livestock on the land and earn money from tourism.
Conservancies: The Solution to Coastal Africa’s Conservation Woes:
Namibia, too, is experiencing the benefits of such coexistence models. With a network of 86 conservancies, covering a fifth of the country, these movements stand as a potential answer to Africa's rapidly growing populations. Amid the pressure on natural resources, these models help mobilize community participation and address the pressing need for habitat protection.
The coexistence model represents a stark difference from previous approaches. Instead of displacing local residents in the name of conservation, it incorporates them, thus creating a unique balance that is as much about preserving human communities as it is about saving the environment.
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